Bone graft surgery is intended to grow bone in order to restore form and function to the skeleton. Bone graft surgery is often structural but can also be used for improving esthetics. A great deal of effort has gone into producing bone graft materials that aid bone growth but the bone physiology of patients who are undergoing bone graft surgery is often ignored. Bone graft materials cannot grow bone; they can only assist the body in producing bone. STEINER LABORATORIES is a scientific leader in producing effective bone graft materials. Through our research we have found that each bone graft patient exhibits varying degrees of bone growth. From this observation, STEINER LABORATORIES has embarked on an effort to naturally modify the patients bone physiology with the intention of achieving maximum bone regeneration from bone graft surgery.

Bone is constantly changing and there is a balance between bone formation and bone removal. If a patient’s bone physiology is tipped in the direction of bone formation, bone will be added to the skeleton. If bone physiology is tipped in favor of bone removal, the skeleton will lose bone. If a patient has a negative bone balance the skeleton will loose bone density and bone volume. For example, post menopausal women often have a negative bone balance which results in bone loss. Doing bone graft surgery relies upon the patient’s ability to produce bone. Performing bone graft surgery on a patient who is actively loosing bone may explain why some bone graft surgeries fail. OSTEOAIDtm was developed to naturally tip a patients bone physiology in favor of bone formation. OSTEOAIDtm contains two active ingredients- vitamin K2 and fluoride. Extensive studies have shown that both fluoride and vitamin K2 stimulate the skeleton to produce bone increasing bone density and volume when taken orally (see references). OSTEOAIDtm should be taken orally beginning three days before bone graft surgery and continuing until three weeks after surgery. When taken as prescribed, fluoride and vitamin K2 have no known side affects. Each capsule of OSTEOAIDtm contains 10 mg of sodium fluoride which is within the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for fluoride. While there is no RDA for vitamin K2, the body cannot form bone without it. Vitamin K2 is required for the bone mineralization process to occur. Long term studies involving up to 75 mg of sodium fluoride per day and 45 mg of vitamin K2 per day have produced significant bone formation without significant side effects. Based on clinical studies, STEINER LABORATORIES recommends taking one capsule four times a day (or one capsule approximately every six hours) for optimal bone growth. OSTEOAIDtm is available in two different daily dose regimens. For ideal results, that match the published scientific studies, OSTEOAIDtm should be taken four times per day. However, due to the significant expense of vitamin K2, OSTEOAIDtm is also available at two capsules per day. Two capsules will not ensure the bone stimulation found in the clinical studies but it will ensure that the patients bone has an adequate amount of fluoride and vitamin K2 to respond to bone surgery. Two capsules of OSTEOAIDtm will ensure that the patient is not deficient in fluoride and vitamin K2 during the critical healing phase of surgery. For those patients who find OSTEOAIDtm unaffordable at the end of the included references is a table of foods that contain significant amounts of vitamin K. Please note that this table lists the total amount of vitamin K found in these foods and not vitamin K2. Vitamin K2 is primarily produced by bacterial in the intestine and the amount of vitamin K2 which is the primary type of vitamin K responsible for bone formation may be very small or not present in these foods.

Pak CY, Sakhaee K, Adams-Huet B, Piziak V, Peterson RD, Poindexter JR. Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with slow-release sodium fluoride. Final report of a randomized controlled trial. Am Intern Med. 1995 Sep 15;123(6):401-8.

Reginster JY, Meurmans L, Zegels B, Rovati LC, Minne HW, Giacovelli G, Taquet AN, Setnikar I, Collette J, Gosset C. The effect of sodium monofluorophosphate plus calcium on vertebral fracture rate in postmenopausal women with moderate osteoporosis. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1998 Jul 1;129(1):1-8.

Briancon D, Meunier PJ, 1981 Treatment of osteoporosis with fluoride, calcium, vitamin D. Orthop Clin North Am 12:629-648.

Harrison JE, McNiell KG et al 1981 Three-year changes in bone mineral mass of osteoporotic patients based on neutron activation analysis of the central third of the skeleton. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 52:751-758.

Stabholz A, Brayer L, Gedalia I, Yosipovitch Z, Soskolne WA. Effect of fluoride on autogenous iliac cancellous bone grafts and marrow transplants in surgically created intrabony defects in dogs. J Periodontol. 1977 Jul;48(7):413-7.

Nishino T. Nippon Seikeigeka Gakkai Zasshi. Experimental study on hydroxyapatite soaked in sodium fluoride--with special reference to bone formation.1991 Dec;65(12):1199-1210.

Gitomer WL, Sakhaee K, Pak YC. A comparison of fluoride bioavailability from a sustained-release NaF preparation (Neosten) and other fluoride preparations. J clin Pharmacol 2000;40:138-141.

Broulik PD. Physiol Res 1996;45(6):449-51. The effects of various fluoride concentrations on new bone formation in intramuscular implants of bone matrix in mice

Koshihara Y, Hoshi K, Okawara R, Ishibashi H, Yamamoto S. Vitamin K stimulates osteoblastogenesis and inhibits osteoclastogenesis in human bone marrow cell culture. J Endocrinol. 2003 Mar;176(3):339-48.

Koshihara Y, Hoshi K.Vitamin K2 enhances osteocalcin accumulation in the extracellular matrix of human osteoblasts in vitro. J Bone Miner Res. 1997 Mar;12(3):431-8.

Takeuchi Y, Suzawa M, Fukumoto S, Fujita T.Vitamin K(2) inhibits adipogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and ODF/RANK ligand expression in murine bone marrow cell cultures. Bone. 2000 Dec;27(6):769-76.

Koshihara Y, Hoshi K, Shiraki M.Vitamin K2 (menatetrenone) inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in cultured human osteoblast-like periosteal cells by inhibiting prostaglandin H synthase activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Oct 19;46(8):1355-62.

Yakamoto W, Isomura H, Fujie K, Iizuka T, Nishihira J, Tatebe G, Takahashi K, Osaki Y, Komai M, Tamai H. The effect of vitamin K2 on bone metabolism in aged female rats. Osteoporos Int. 2005 Apr 22

Eghbali-Fatourechi GZ, Lamsam J, Fraser D, Nagel D, Riggs BL, Khosla S. Circulating osteoblast-lineage cells in humans.
N Engl J Med. 2005 May 12;352(19):2014-6.

Iwamoto I, Kosha S, Noguchi S, Murakami M, Fujino T, Douchi T, Nagata Y A longitudinal study of the effect of vitamin K2 on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women a comparative study with vitamin D3 and estrogen-progestin therapy. Maturitas. 1999 Jan 4;31(2):161-4

Masataka Shiraki, 1   Yumiko Shiraki, 1   Choju Aoki, 1   Masakazu Miura2  Vitamin K2 (Menatetrenone) Effectively Prevents Fractures and Sustains Lumbar Bone Mineral Density in Osteoporosis Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, March 2000:15:515-522 (doi: 10.1359/jbmr.2000.15.3.515)

Purwosunu Y, Muharram, Rachman IA, Reksoprodjo S, Sekizawa A. Vitamin K2 treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis in Indonesia. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2006 Apr;32(2):230-4.

Sato Y, Kanoko T, Satoh K, Iwamoto J  Menatetrenone and vitamin D2 with calcium supplements prevent nonvertebral fracture in elderly women with Alzheimer's disease. Bone. 2005 Jan;36(1):61-8. Epub 2004 Nov 24